Daily Static MCQs for UPSC & State PSC Exams - History (04 September 2023)

Daily Static MCQs Quiz for UPSC, IAS, UPPSC/UPPCS, MPPSC. BPSC, RPSC & All State PSC Exams

Subject : History

1. Which of the following saw the beginning of an Individual satyagraha in opposition to it?

a) Cripps Mission
b) Gandhi-Irwin Pact
c) August Offer
d) Cabinet Mission

Answer: (C)

Explanation:

Individual Satyagraha –

During the Second World War, the British government made an announcement on 8th August 1940, known as the 'August Offer,' in order to secure the cooperation of Indians. The August Offer proposed that after the war, a representative body of Indians would be established to draft a new constitution. Gandhi was not satisfied with this proposal, and he decided to initiate an Individual satyagraha in opposition to it. Individual l satyagraha was limited, symbolic, and non-violent in nature, and the selection of satyagrahis was left to Mahatma Gandhi. Acharya Vinoba Bhave was the first person to engage in Individual satyagraha and he was sentenced to three months of imprisonment. Jawaharlal Nehru was the second satyagrahi and he was imprisoned for four months. Individual satyagraha lasted for nearly 15 months.

Hence, option (c) is correct.

2. Regarding the main features of the Government of India Act, 1935, consider the following statements.

1. Establishment of a Federal Court in Calcutta.
2. Extension of separate electorates for Sikhs, Europeans, Indian Christians, and Anglo-Indians.
3. Termination of dual government at the center.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a) Only 2
b) 1, 2
c) 2, 3
d) 1, 3

Answer: (A)

Explanation: The Government of India Act, 1935 had the following main features:

  1. Establishment of a Federal Court in Delhi.
  2. Division of powers into three lists: Federal, Provincial, and Concurrent.
  3. Termination of dual government. The Governor-General and his Executive Council were responsible for "reserved subjects." The Cabinet was responsible for "transferred subjects."
  4. Bicameral legislatures in six provinces: Bengal, Madras, Bombay, United Provinces, Bihar, and Assam.
  5. Separate electorates for Muslims, Sikhs, Europeans, Indian Christians, and Anglo-Indians.
  6. Provincial autonomy and the introduction of responsible government in the provinces. The governors were to act on the advice of their ministers.
  7. Dyarchy was abolished and provincial governments were handed over to elected ministers. Elected legislatures were responsible for "transferred subjects."
  8. Direct elections on the basis of adult franchise.
  9. Provincial legislatures in Bengal, Madras, Bombay, United Provinces, Bihar, and Assam were made bicameral.
  10. Establishment of a Federal Court in Delhi with a Chief Justice and six judges.

Therefore, only statement 2 is correct.

Hence, option (a) is correct.

3. Consider the following about parallel governments during the Quit India Movement.

Leaders of parallel governments were involved

1. Baliya – Jati Sarkar
2. Tamluk – W.B. Chavan
3. Satara – Nana Patil

Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?

a) 1, 2
b) Only 3
c) 2, 3
d) 1, 3

Answer: (B)

Explanation: During the Quit India Movement, parallel governments were established in various regions of India. Some of the key regions with their leaders were:

  1. Baliya (for a week in August 1942) - Under the leadership of Chittu Pandey. He released several Congress leaders.
  2. Tamaluk (from December 1942 to September 1944) - Jatya Sarkar worked towards cyclone relief, sanctioned funds for schools, supplied grains to the poor, organized the electrification of villages, and more.
  3. Satara (from mid-1943 to 1945) - Known as the "Parallel Government," it was led by W.B. Chavan, Nana Patil, and others.

Therefore, only the pair mentioned in statement 3 is correctly matched.

Hence, option (b) is correct.

4. Regarding the 1946 Royal Indian Navy Mutiny, consider the following statements.

1. Immediate trigger was the demand for better food and working conditions for Indian sailors in the Royal Indian Navy.
2. The Indian National Congress and Muslim League condemned the strikes.
3. The mutiny was limited to the Bombay region.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a) 1, 2
b) Only 1
c) 1, 3
d) 2, 3

Answer: (A)

Explanation:

  • The Royal Indian Navy Mutiny (also known as the Royal Indian Navy Mutiny or the Bombay Mutiny) took place on 18th February 1946 when Indian sailors of the Royal Indian Navy launched a total strike and later a mutiny against their British officers and the British government. The immediate trigger was indeed the demand for better food and working conditions for Indian sailors in the Royal Indian Navy. However, the movement quickly evolved into a broader call for independence from British rule.
  • The mutiny was not limited to the Bombay region; it spread across various naval establishments in India, including Karachi, Mumbai, and Calcutta.
  • Indian National Congress and Muslim League did condemn the strikes, as they did not support the use of force or armed rebellion in the struggle for independence.

Therefore, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Hence , option (a) is correct.

5. The first 'White Paper on Constitutional Reforms for India' for India was prepared and presented to the Joint Select Committee of the British Parliament on the recommendations of whom?

(a) Hunter Commission
(b) Radcliffe Commission
(c) Butler Commission
(d) Simon Commission

Answer: (D)

Explanation: In November 1927 (two years before the stipulated time), the British government announced the appointment of a seven-member statutory Commission, with Sir John Simon as its Chairman, to report on its new constitution for India under the Government of India Act, 1919. Since all the members of the Commission were British, all parties in India boycotted it. The Commission submitted its report in 1930, and its recommendations were incorporated, with some modifications, in the Government of India Act, 1935.

Hence, option (d) is correct.