Tribal Freedom Fighters’ Museums

Why in NEWS?

• Ministry of Tribal Affairs is setting up Tribal Freedom Fighters’ Museums to give due recognition to sacrifices and contribution to country’s freedom struggle by Tribal People.

About

• PM’s announcement in his Independence Day Speech on 15th August 2016 said, “The Government desires and is planning permanent museums in the States where Tribals lived, struggled against the British and refused to be bowed down. The Government will work to make such museums in different states so that the coming generations may know how our tribals were far ahead in making sacrifices”

Developments

• Museums will have strong usage of technologies like Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), 3D/7D holographic projections etc.
• All nine museums dedicated to tribal freedom fighters will be completed by the end of 2022.
• It is expected that all the museums will come into existence by the end of 2022. New museums will be sanctioned in the future in collaboration with the states.

Locations

• The largest of these museums is being built in Rajpipla in Gujarat while the rest are being built in Ranchi (Jharkhand), Lambasingi (Andhra Pradesh), Raipur (Chhattisgarh), Kozhikode (Kerala), Chhindwara (Madhya Pradesh), Hyderabad (Telangana), Senapati (Manipur) and Kelsi (Mizoram).

Significance

• These museums will trace the history along the trails, along which the tribal people in hills and forests fought for their right to live and will, therefore, combine ex situ display with in situ conservation, regeneration initiatives.
• These will demonstrate the way tribal struggles for protecting their custodial concerns for the biological and cultural diversity of the country, have helped in nation building.

Krishi Megh

Why in NEWS ?

Union Minister of Agriculture & Farmers' Welfare, Shri Narendra Singh Tomar, virtually launched Krishi Megh (National Agricultural Research & Education System -Cloud Infrastructure and Services) along with the KVC ALUNET (Krishi Vishwavidyalaya Chhatr Alumni Network) and Online Accreditation System for Higher Agricultural Educational Institutions (HEI).

About

• Krishi Megh will help in meeting the services and infrastructure requirements of Digital Agriculture of National Agricultural Research and Education System (NARES).
• The National Agricultural Higher Education Project has been funded by the Government of India and the World Bank.
• It will bolster the national agricultural education system in the nation along with overall objective of offering more relevant and high-quality education to the agricultural university students.

Key Features of Krishi Megh

• For meeting the services and infrastructure needs,the existing Data Centre (ICAR-DC) built during 2012 shall be strengthened with cloud computing infrastructure.
• Krish Megh provide a robust and dynamic platform to meet the growing IT needs of the NARES system with the deployment of mission critical applications such as e-Office, ICAR-ERP, Education Portal, KVK Portal and mobile apps, ICAR institute websites, Academic Management System, Alumni Portal, e-Courses of UG and PG level etc.
• Under NAHEP, the out-reach of existing ICAR Data Center is broadened to cover the Agriculture Universities enabling them to host their websites and IT solutions.
• In the present COVID-19 situation, 24x7 availability of IT applications through have made it possible to work from home as well as to collaborate with fellow scientists through video conferencing.
• ICAR-Krishi Megh at NAARM Hyderabad is synchronized with ICAR-Data Center at ICAR-IASRI, New Delhi has been built to mitigate the risk, enhance the quality, availability and accessibility of e-governance, research, extension and education in the field of agriculture in India.
• NAARM, Hyderabad has been chosen as it lies in different seismic zone w.r.t. ICAR-Data Center at ICAR-IASRI, New Delhi. Hyderabad is also suitable as skilled IT manpower is available along with other suitable climatic conditions such as low humidity level which is controllable in the data center environment.
• This new Centre has latest AI/Deep learning software/tools kits for building and deploying of deep learning based applications such as disease and pest identification using image analysis, detection of maturity and ripening of fruits through image analysis, disease identification in livestock etc.

Russia Registers Coronavirus Vaccine

IN NEWS

• Russia on Tuesday became the first country to officially register a coronavirus vaccine and declare it ready for use, despite international skepticism. President Vladimir Putin said that one of his daughters has already been inoculated.

ABOUT

• The vaccine underwent the necessary tests and has proven efficient, offering a lasting immunity from the coronavirus.
• Head of Russia's sovereign wealth fund, hailed the development as a historic "Sputnik moment", comparable to the Soviet Union's 1957 launch of Sputnik 1, the world's first satellite.
• More than 100 possible vaccines are being developed around the world to try to stop the coronavirus pandemic. At least four are in final Phase III human trials, according to World Health Organization (WHO) data.

CONCERN

• However, scientists at home and abroad have been sounding the alarm that the rush to start using the vaccine before Phase 3 trials which normally last for months and involve thousands of people could backfire.

WHO NORMS AND STANDARDS

• WHO has played a key role for over 50 years in establishing the WHO Biological Reference Materials necessary to standardize biological materials as well as developing WHO guidelines and recommendations on the production and control of biological products and technologies.
• The Organization accomplishes this work through its biological programme, the WHO Collaborating Centers, and the WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization (ECBS).

NATIONAL REGULATORY AUTHORITIES

• WHO identifies and consolidates current consensus opinions on key regulatory issues, and communicates them to national authorities and manufacturers through guidance documents addressing both general issues and specific products.
• The assessment, licensure, control, and surveillance of biological medicinal products are major challenges for national regulatory authorities confronted by a steadily increasing number of novel products, complex quality concerns, and new technical issues arising from rapid scientific advances.

Once A Daughter, Always A Daughter

IN NEWS

• In a significant judgment, the Supreme Court ruled that daughters will have equal right in the parental property as son even if their father died before the Hindu Succession (amendment) Act 2005 came into force.

ABOUT

• A three-judge bench headed by Justice Arun Mishra said, “Daughters must be given equal rights as sons. Daughter remains a loving daughter throughout life. The daughter shall remain a coparcener throughout life, irrespective of whether her father is alive or not.
• The bench also held that “rights under the amendment are applicable to living daughters of living coparceners as on 9-9-2005, irrespective of when such daughters are born”.
• The 174th Law Commission Report had also recommended this reform in Hindu succession law.

HINDU SUCCESSION ACT, 1956

• The Hindu Succession Act, 1956 is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted to amend and codify the law relating to intestate or unwilled succession.
• The Act lays down a uniform and comprehensive system of inheritance and succession into one Act.
• Parts of this Act was amended in 2005 by the Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005
• However it has been provided that notwithstanding the religion of any person as mentioned above, the Act shall not apply to the members of any Scheduled Tribe within the meaning of clause (25) of article 366 of the Constitution of India unless the Central Government, by notification in the Official Gazette, otherwise directs.
• The Mitakshara school of Hindu law codified as the Hindu Succession Act, 1956 governed succession and inheritance of property but only recognised males as legal heirs. The law applied to everyone who is not a Muslim, Christian, Parsi or Jew by religion.

THE HINDU SUCCESSION (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2005

• The Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005, an amendment to the Hindu Succession Act, 1956, received the assent from President of India on 5th September 2005 and was given effect from 9th September 2005.
• It was essentially meant for removing gender discriminatory provisions regarding property rights in the Hindu Succession Act, 1956. It was a revolutionary step in the field of Indian legislation regarding rights of women in India.
• The amendment has tremendously balanced the property rights of male and female siblings.