E20 Petrol Expansion:

• Launched by PM Modi in Feb 2023.
• 1,350 retail outlets dispensing E20 petrol.
• Nationwide availability by 2025.

Biofuel Definition:

• Fuel produced from biomass.
• Liquid or gaseous fuels for transportation.
• Common types: bio alcohols, biodiesel, bio-oils.

Generations of Biofuels:

• 1G: Food-based (starch, sugar crops).
• 2G: Non-food feedstocks (wastes).
• 3G: Algae-based (challenges in scaling).
• 4G: Non-arable land, electro fuels, solar fuels.

Benefits of Ethanol Blending:

• Reduces petroleum import dependency.
• Saves billions of dollars.
• Less pollution, cost-efficient.
• Significant greenhouse gas emission reduction.

India's Biofuel Policy:

• Target: 20% ethanol, 5% biodiesel by 2025.
• Achieved 10% ethanol blending ahead of schedule.
• Foreign exchange savings: Rs 54,000 crore.
• Farmers' benefit: Rs 48,000 crore.

Global Biofuels Alliance (GBA):

• Supported by US, Brazil, and international organizations.
• GBA launch at G20 Clean Energy Ministerial.