Why in news?

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched revamped versions of the Swachh Bharat Mission- Urban (SBM-U) and the Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and urban transformation (AMRUT) on October 1, 2021.

About Swachh Bharat Mission

1. The SBM-Urban was formally launched on 2nd October 2014. The objectives of the mission were-

• Eradication of open defecation in all statutory towns.
• 100% scientific management of municipal solid waste.
• Effective behavioral change through Jan Andolan.

2. The mission provided 100% access to sanitation facilities in urban India and over 70 lakh house-holds, community and public toilets have been built under the mission.

3. Over 65,000 public toilets across 3,300+ cities have been made live i.e. SBM toilets were placed on Google Maps.

4. In the year 2019, Urban India was declared open defecation free with over 3,000 cities and 950 cities being certified ODF+ and ODF++ respectively.

5. Cities are progressing towards Water+ certification under the Water+ Protocol which focuses on treatment of waste water and its optimum reuse.

6. Now, the mission SBM-Urban took a big leap and shifted to SBM-U 2.0, where the focus will be on the next 5 years on sustaining the sanitation and solid waste management, thus taking Urban India to the next level of ‘Swachhata’

Key component of SBM-U 2.0

1. Complete access to sanitation facilities to serve additional population migrating from rural to urban areas over the next 5 year.
2. Complete liquid waste management in cities in less than 1 lakh population-containment, collection, transportation, treatment of liquid waste.
3. Greater emphasis on source segregation for sustainable solid waste management. Waste processing facilities and material recovery facilities will also be set up.
4. Remediation of all legacy dumpsites will be another key feature of the mission.
5. It is expected that all cities will achieve at least 3-star garbage free certification and all statutory towns will become at least ODF+.
6. Specially focused key areas– Well being of sanitation and informal waste workers
7. A financial outlay of ₹1,41,600 crores has been finalized for SBM-U 2.0, for the period 2021-22 to 2025-26

About AMRUT 2.0

It was launched as the first water focused mission in 2015, covers 500 major cities which has over 60% of the urban population.

Key achievements under AMRUT

1. 1.14 crore water tap connections have been provided taking total connections to 4.14 crore in AMRUT cities.
2. About 3850 acre of permeable green spaces have been added.
3. Rejuvenation of 106 water bodies has been taken up.
4. 2200 water logging points have been eliminated.
5. Credit rating work has been completed in 470 cities.
6. Around 3840 crore has been raised through municipal bonds by 10 ULBS.
7. Online Building Permission System has been implemented in 455 AMRUT cities.
8. 89 lakh conventional streetlights have been replaced with energy efficient LED lights.

Aim of AMRUT 2.0

• AMRUT 2.0 aims to move around 4,700 towns/cities water secure.
• It will address water needs, rejuvenate water bodies, better manage aquifers, reuse treated wastewater and promote circular economy of water.
• It will provide 100% coverage of water supply to all households in around 4700 Urban Local Bodies.
• There will be 100% coverage of sewerage and septage connection in 500 AMRUT cities.
• There will be an up scaling form 500 cities covered under AMRUT with 1 lakh+ population to all 4377 cities covering 100% urban India.
• Mission will promote Digital Economy Through being a paperless Mission. Pay Jal Survekshan will be conducted in cities for equitable distribution of water.
• It will also promote public private partnership along with target based capacity building program for all stakeholders.
• Urban Water Information System through NRSC will be developed, leading to Aquifer Management system. Information, Education and Communication campaign will spread awareness among masses about conservation of water.